Recent developments in ultra-fast laser techniques allow experimentalists to reveal intriguing aspects of the dynamics of superconductors such as the Higgs oscillations (amplitude oscillations of the order parameter) and photo-induced superconductivity. These experiments demonstrate the interesting possibility of manipulating superconductivity in nonequilibrium settings. However, the properties of nonequilibrium superconductors are not fully understood, and further theoretical explorations are needed.
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